The Textbook of Ventilation, Fluids, Electrolytes and Blood Gases encompass essential topics for which thorough education and training is a must for any clinician who manages these patients. This book has four sections, each for ventilation, fluids and electrolytes, blood gases, and miscellaneous. Each section starts with applied physiology and then covers routine as well as advance topics related to ventilation, fluids, and electrolytes in critically ill adult patients. Miscellaneous section covers enteral and parenteral nutrition, immunonutrition, blood product transfusion, and care of potential organ donor in the intensive care unit (ICU). Also, there are chapters based on common problems like approach to the patient having hypoxemia, hypercapnia, hypovolemia, electrolyte abnormalities, and acid–base disturbances. These chapters start with a case scenario, then structured description of the problem, and in the last again discussion about the index case, which makes better understanding of commonly encountered problems in critically ill patients. For better clarity on given topics, appropriate Figures, Tables, and Flowcharts have been used throughout the chapters. At the end of each chapter, there are a few salient points to emphasis on the important area of that particular topic. The book will be useful for trainees as well as consultants of various clinical specialties who manage critically ill adult patients, including critical care medicine, emergency medicine, pulmonary medicine, and anesthesiology.