The aim of this textbook focuses on hemodynamic monitoring and therapy in the critically ill. Hemodynamic monitoring offers valuable information on cardiovascular performance in the critically ill, and has become a fundamental tool in the diagnostic approach and in the therapy guidance of those patients presenting with tissue hypoperfusion. This book comprised of 7 sections which include physics and physiology, cardiac output measurement, downstream parameters and others, types of shock, assessing cardiac function, supporting the cardiovascular system, ultrasonography and echocardiography in the critically ill, which are further divided into 43 chapters. The current book Textbook of Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy in the Critically Ill will be useful to all for understanding the intricacies of the bewildering array of monitors available today and it will make their task of managing critically ill patients suffering from complex illnesses easier, and will improve their patient outcomes.