The book, Stem Cells in Ophthalmology, is a testimony of stem cell therapy in ophthalmology which has evolved from general ideas to structured concepts. This amplification of the stem cell field in ophthalmology has also seen the realization of extraordinary new discoveries in other fields. As the field of stem cell biology and therapy is rapidly evolving, this book captures in present time where in ophthalmology we stand with respect to the use of stem cell therapy to regenerate all the structures of the visual system and ocular adnexa. This book reviews basic stem cell biology and immunity and covers unique advances or present state-of-the-art use of these cells in ocular tissue. The final chapter covers the description of the facilities and governmental requirements needed to establish an ocular stem cell program.