This book “Principles of Assessment in Medical Education” was designed towards orienting medical teachers to the science and art of educational methods. To a great extent, it also served as a ‘how to’ manual for numerous educational tasks required by a teacher. It focuses on the particular area of student assessment, exclusively on using assessment as a tool for learning. The emphasis has shifted from ‘how’ to ‘why’ for most of the tools with the plausibility that the readers of the book have already received a basic orientation to assessment methods. Plenty of literature support has been given to help the readers take an extensive view of the practice of assessment and a number of further readings have also been added for the benefit of the reader. This book comprises of twenty-three chapters. This book gives a deep knowledge on the principles and different tools used for assessment in medical education. Some of the important aspects described are basics of assessment, internal assessment revisited, selection type questions, assessment of professionalism and ethics, blueprinting in assessment and web resources for assessment in medical education.